编译需要耗时，且对系统的依赖更为复杂，更容易出错， 如果没有必要，可以参考使用二进制安装MySQL5.7
安装编译依赖
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| sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake libaio-dev libncurses5-dev pkg-config
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| sudo yum -y install zlib-devel openssl-devel libaio-devel ncurses-devel cmake gcc-c++
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编译
设置安装路径
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| export BASE_DIR="/usr/local/mysql"
export DATA_DIR="/data/mysql"
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准备工作
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| wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.38.tar.gz
tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.38.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.7.38
[[ -d build ]] && rm -r build
mkdir -p build && cd build
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开始编译
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| cmake .. \
-DBUILD_CONFIG=mysql_release \
-DFEATURE_SET="community" \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="${BASE_DIR}" \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=off \
-DINSTALL_SBINDIR=bin \
-DINSTALL_SCRIPTDIR=bin \
-DINSTALL_LIBDIR=lib/mysql \
-DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib/plugin \
-DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=include \
-DINSTALL_INFODIR=share/info \
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=share/man \
-DINSTALL_MYSQLSHAREDIR=share/mysql \
-DINSTALL_SUPPORTFILESDIR=share/mysql \
-DINSTALL_MYSQLTESTDIR=mysql-test \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_LIBEVENT=bundled \
-DWITH_SSL=bundled \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=on \
-DWITH_BOOST=../boost \
-DWITH_UNIT_TESTS=on \
-DWITH_DEBUG=off
make -j4 && make install
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收尾
创建目录和用户
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| mkdir -p ${DATA_DIR}/{binlog,data,logs,redolog,relaylog,tmp,undolog}
mkdir -p ${BASE_DIR}/etc
groupadd -g 27 -o -r mysql
useradd -M -g mysql -o -r -d /dev/null -s /sbin/nologin -u 27 mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql ${DATA_DIR}
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创建配置文件
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| cat > ${BASE_DIR}/etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
## MySQL 5.7 Configuration File
[mysqld]
## General
user = mysql
bind_address = 0.0.0.0
port = 3306
basedir = ${BASE_DIR}/
datadir = ${DATA_DIR}/data
tmpdir = ${DATA_DIR}/tmp
socket = ${DATA_DIR}/logs/mysql.sock
pid-file = ${DATA_DIR}/logs/mysqld.pid
character_set_server = utf8
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION # default "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED # default REPEATABLE-READ
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = ON # default OFF
secure_file_priv =
skip-symbolic-links
skip_name_resolve = ON
skip_external_locking = ON
performance_schema = ON # default ON
performance-schema-instrument = 'memory/%=ON'
autocommit = ON # default ON
#event_scheduler = ON # default OFF
#lower_case_table_names = 0 # default 0
show_compatibility_56 = ON # >= 5.7.8 default OFF
## ssl
#ssl_ca = ${DATA_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem
#ssl_cert = ${DATA_DIR}/ssl/server-cert.pem
#ssl_key = ${DATA_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem
## Networking
back_log = 1000
max_connections = 1100
max_user_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 1000000
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300
connect_timeout = 10
net_buffer_length = 1M
max_allowed_packet = 256M
## Cache
thread_cache_size = 192 # since 5.6.8 default -1, autosized ( max_connections / 100 ) + 8
table_open_cache = 4096
table_definition_cache = 4096
table_open_cache_instances = 8
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_size = 0
#query_cache_size = 32M
#query_cache_limit = 1M
#query_cache_min_res_unit = 2K
## Per_thread Buffers
sort_buffer_size = 32M # default 256K
read_buffer_size = 16M # default 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M # default 256K
join_buffer_size = 128M # default 256K
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
thread_stack = 256K # default 192K
## Temp Tables
tmp_table_size = 512M
max_heap_table_size = 512M
## Sort
max_length_for_sort_data = 2048 # default 1024
eq_range_index_dive_limit = 200 # default 10
### Storage Engines
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
## InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = ON
innodb_file_format_check = ON
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_page_size = 16k # default 16k
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G # default 1G, = innodb_buffer_pool_instances * innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size * n
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8 # since 5.6.6 if innodb_buffer_pool_size < 1G default 1 else 8
innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size = 128M # defautl 128M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend
innodb_temp_data_file_path = ../tmp/ibtmp1:12M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = ${DATA_DIR}/redolog/
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_rollback_segments = 128 # defautl 128
innodb_undo_directory = ${DATA_DIR}/undolog/
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 4 # from 5.7.21 deprecated
innodb_open_files = 4000
innodb_thread_concurrency = 32
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_timeout = 1 # defautl 1, when innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0 or 2
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = ON
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 70
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_old_blocks_time = 1000 # since 5.6.6 default 1000
innodb_io_capacity = 600 # default 200
innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 # default 2000
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 1024 # default 1024
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON
innodb_buffer_pool_filename = ib_buffer_pool # default ib_buffer_pool
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 64M # default 1M , 64K - 64M , for change index
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40
innodb_page_cleaners = 16
innodb_undo_log_truncate = ON
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128
## Gtid
#gtid_mode = ON
#enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
#binlog_gtid_simple_recovery = 1
## Replication
server_id = 101
log_bin = ${DATA_DIR}/binlog/mysql_bin
expire_logs_days = 7
binlog_format = ROW
binlog_row_image = noblob # default full
#innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 # default 1
binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1
max_binlog_size = 500M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
sync_binlog = 1
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
skip-slave-start = 1
relay_log = ${DATA_DIR}/relaylog/relay_log
max_relay_log_size = 500M # default 0, use max_binlog_size
log_slave_updates = ON # default OFF
#read_only = ON
#super_read_only = ON
#relay_log_purge = 1
#slave_net_timeout = 60
#replicate_wild_do_table = mysql.%
#replicate_wild_ignore_table = test.%
#auto_increment_offset = 1
#auto_increment_increment = 2
#plugin_dir = ${DATA_DIR}/lib/plugin
#plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = ON
#rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = ON
#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 1000
slave_transaction_retries = 128
## MTS
relay_log_recovery = 1
#slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
#slave_parallel_workers = 16
#slave_preserve_commit_order = 1
## Logging
log_output = FILE
slow_query_log = ON
slow_query_log_file = ${DATA_DIR}/logs/slow_mysqld.log
log_queries_not_using_indexes = OFF # default OFF
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10 # default 0
min_examined_row_limit = 0 # default 0
log_slow_admin_statements = ON
log_slow_slave_statements = ON
long_query_time = 1
#log-short-format = 0
log_error = ${DATA_DIR}/logs/error_mysqld.log
general_log = OFF
general_log_file = ${DATA_DIR}/logs/general_mysqld.log
log_timestamps = system
## Index
ft_min_word_len = 4
[mysqld_safe]
open_files_limit = 65535
[mysql]
no_auto_rehash
prompt = "MySQL [\\d] > "
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 256M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive_timeout
[client]
socket = ${DATA_DIR}/logs/mysql.sock
EOF
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创建软链接
my.cnf文件客户端和服务端都需要使用的。
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| sudo ln -s ${BASE_DIR}/etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
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创建service文件
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| sudo cp ${BASE_DIR}/share/mysql.service /etc/init.d/
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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初始化数据库
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| ${BASE_DIR}/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure
${BASE_DIR}/bin/mysqld --initialize
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优化工作
添加环境变量
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| echo "export PATH=\$PATH:${BASE_DIR}/bin" >> /etc/profile
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修改root密码
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| alter user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
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查看编译参数
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| cat /user/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbug |grep configure
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