记录一下日常工作中常用到的MySQL语句和一些配置等，方便日后查询

用户授权相关

创建用户

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CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
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CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

修改密码

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ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
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ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

授权

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Grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;

授权的同时修改密码

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Grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;

创建只读账号

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GRANT SElECT ON *.* TO 'read_only'@'ip' IDENTIFIED BY "password"
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CREATE USER 'read_only'@'ip' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'read_only'@'ip' WITH GRANT OPTION;

/* 删除权限 */
/* REVOKE all privileges ON *.* FROM 'read_only_user'@'ip'; */

库相关

建库

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CREATE DATABASE `idp_app` CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_general_ci';
CREATE DATABASE `idp_sdk` CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_general_ci';

配置文件相关

apt安装的mysql配置文件在/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

初始化密码

ubuntu系统通过apt安装的mysql，需要切换到root，然后执行mysql命令就可以登录（不用密码），对应的用户是root@localhost
当然也可以cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf查看密码。

表名强制转换为小写

仅适用于MySQL 5.7 及以下版本，到了 8.0，只支持初始化时指定该参数，初始化之后，如果修改了该参数，启动就会报错。

配置文件在[mysqld]下面新增一行

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[mysqld]
lower_case_table_names = 1

可以通过执行sql查看是否设置成功

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show variables like 'lower_case_table_names';

查看建库建表语句

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show create database django;
show create table django.auth_user;

binlog

查看binlog状态

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MySQL [(none)] > show variables like 'log_bin%';
+---------------------------------+------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                   | Value                              |
+---------------------------------+------------------------------------+
| log_bin                         | ON                                 |
| log_bin_basename                | /data/mysql/binlog/mysql_bin       |
| log_bin_index                   | /data/mysql/binlog/mysql_bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF                                |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF                                |
+---------------------------------+------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.02 sec)

查看binlog模式

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MySQL [(none)] > show variables like '%binlog_format%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| binlog_format | ROW   |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

binlog配置文件

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[mysqld]
server_id = 1
log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
max_binlog_size = 1G
binlog_format = row
binlog_row_image = full

排序

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SELECT * from runoob_tbl ORDER BY submission_date ASC;  # 升序
SELECT * from runoob_tbl ORDER BY submission_date DESC;   # 降序

批量kill慢查询

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-- 查询哪些查询时间大于20秒
select *  from information_schema.processlist where COMMAND='Query' AND time > 20;
-- 批量kill慢查询
select concat('KILL ',id,';') from information_schema.processlist where COMMAND='Query' AND time > 20;

复制输出的结果， 再执行

查看版本

查看变量的方式

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show variables like '%version%';

mysql命令行执行命令的方式

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status

使用MySQL函数方式：

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select version();

查看哪些库使用的是MyISAM引擎

查询哪些表引擎是MyISAM

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SELECT TABLE_SCHEMA as DbName ,TABLE_NAME as TableName ,ENGINE as Engine FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE ENGINE='MyISAM' AND TABLE_SCHEMA NOT IN('mysql','information_schema','performance_schema');

生成 ALTER 语句来转换到 InnoDB

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SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE ', TABLE_SCHEMA,'.',TABLE_NAME, ' ENGINE = InnoDB;') FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE ENGINE='MyISAM' AND TABLE_SCHEMA NOT IN('mysql','information_schema','performance_schema');